How did Hawkwood make money in times of peace?
霍克伍德在和平时期是如何赚钱的？
There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago
曾经有一段时间，在芝加哥的商店和企业的业主
had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection'.
不得不向歹徒支付大笔资金以换取"保护"。
If the money was not paid promptly,
如果没有及时支付这笔钱,
the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop.
歹徒很快就会把一个男人毁了他的商店,使他破产.
Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime.
获得'保护金'不是现代犯罪。
As long ago as the fourteenth century,an Englishman,Sir John Hawkwood,
早在十四世纪，一位英国人约翰*霍克伍德爵士,
made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money
人们宁愿付大笔钱，这是一个了不起的发现
than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.
比他们的生活被歹徒摧毁还要多。
Six hundred years ago,Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers
六百年前，约翰*霍克伍德爵士带着一队士兵抵达意大利
and settled near Florence.
在佛罗伦萨附近定居。
He soon made a name for himself
他很快就成名了
and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto.
后来被意大利人称为乔瓦尼*阿库托。
Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other,
每当意大利城邦互相交战时,
Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes
霍克伍德曾经雇佣他的士兵到王子那里
who were willing to pay the high price he demanded.
他们愿意付出他所要求的高昂代价。
In times of peace,
在和平时期,
when business was bad,
生意不好的时候,
Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state,
霍克伍德和他的人将进军城邦,
and after burning down a few farms,
在烧毁了一些农场之后,
would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them.
如果向他们支付保护金，他们会主动提出离开。
Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way.
霍克伍德以这种方式赚了大笔钱。
In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero.
尽管如此，意大利人认为他是一种英雄。
When he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral
当他八十岁时去世时，佛罗伦萨人给他举行了国葬
and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader,
并画了一幅画，以纪念"最勇敢的士兵和最着名的领袖",
Signor Giovanni Haukodue'.
乔瓦尼*豪科杜先生。
